/****************************************************************/ /* */ /* main.c */ /* DOS-C */ /* */ /* Main Kernel Functions */ /* */ /* Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 */ /* Pasquale J. Villani */ /* All Rights Reserved */ /* */ /* This file is part of DOS-C. */ /* */ /* DOS-C is free software; you can redistribute it and/or */ /* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License */ /* as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version */ /* 2, or (at your option) any later version. */ /* */ /* DOS-C is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but */ /* WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of */ /* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See */ /* the GNU General Public License for more details. */ /* */ /* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public */ /* License along with DOS-C; see the file COPYING. If not, */ /* write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., */ /* 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA. */ /****************************************************************/ #include "portab.h" #include "init-mod.h" #include "dyndata.h" #include "debug.h" #ifdef VERSION_STRINGS static BYTE *mainRcsId = "$Id: main.c 1699 2012-01-16 20:45:44Z perditionc $"; #endif static char copyright[] = "(C) Copyright 1995-2023 Pasquale J. Villani and The FreeDOS Project.\n" "All Rights Reserved. This is free software and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO\n" "WARRANTY; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the\n" "GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation;\n" "either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.\n"; STATIC VOID InitIO(void); STATIC VOID update_dcb(struct dhdr FAR *); STATIC VOID init_kernel(VOID); STATIC VOID signon(VOID); STATIC VOID kernel(VOID); STATIC VOID FsConfig(VOID); STATIC VOID InitPrinters(VOID); STATIC VOID InitSerialPorts(VOID); STATIC void CheckContinueBootFromHarddisk(void); STATIC void setup_int_vectors(void); #ifdef _MSC_VER BYTE _acrtused = 0; __segment DosDataSeg = 0; /* serves for all references to the DOS DATA segment necessary for MSC+our funny linking model */ __segment DosTextSeg = 0; #endif struct lol FAR *LoL = &DATASTART; struct _KernelConfig InitKernelConfig = { -1 }; char kernel_command_line[256] = { 0, -1 }; /* special none value */ int kernel_command_line_length BSS_INIT(0); UBYTE debugger_present = 0xFF; /* initialised in kernel.asm do NOT set 0 here or compiler may move it into bss that we zero out */ VOID ASMCFUNC FreeDOSmain(void) { unsigned char drv; unsigned char FAR *p; char * pp; #ifdef _MSC_VER extern FAR prn_dev; DosDataSeg = (__segment) & DATASTART; DosTextSeg = (__segment) & prn_dev; #endif /* clear the Init BSS area (what normally the RTL does */ memset(_ib_start, 0, _ib_end - _ib_start); /* if the kernel has been UPX'ed, CONFIG info is stored at 50:e2 ..fc and the bootdrive (passed from BIOS) at 50:e0 */ drv = LoL->BootDrive + 1; p = MK_FP(0, 0x5e0); { *p = drv - 1; /* compatibility with older kernels */ } if (drv >= 0x80) drv = 3; /* C: */ LoL->BootDrive = drv; /* install DOS API and other interrupt service routines, basic kernel functionality works */ setup_int_vectors(); #ifdef DEBUG /* printf must go after setup_int_vectors call */ if (kernel_command_line[0] == 0 && kernel_command_line[1] == (char)-1) { printf("\nKERNEL: Command line is not specified.\n"); } else { printf("\nKERNEL: Command line is \"%s\"\n", kernel_command_line); } #endif kernel_command_line_length = strlen(kernel_command_line); for (pp = kernel_command_line; *pp; ++pp) { if (*pp == ';') { *pp = 0; } } /* check if booting from floppy/CD */ CheckContinueBootFromHarddisk(); /* display copyright info and kernel emulation status */ signon(); /* initialize all internal variables, process CONFIG.SYS, load drivers, etc */ init_kernel(); #ifdef DEBUG /* Non-portable message kludge alert! */ printf("KERNEL: Boot drive = %c\n", 'A' + LoL->BootDrive - 1); #endif DoInstall(); kernel(); } /* InitializeAllBPBs() or MakeNortonDiskEditorHappy() it has been determined, that FDOS's BPB tables are initialized, only when used (like DIR H:). at least one known utility (norton DE) seems to access them directly. ok, so we access for all drives, that the stuff gets build */ void InitializeAllBPBs(VOID) { static char filename[] = "A:-@JUNK@-.TMP"; int drive, fileno; for (drive = 'C'; drive < 'A' + LoL->nblkdev; drive++) { filename[0] = drive; if ((fileno = open(filename, O_RDONLY)) >= 0) close(fileno); } } STATIC void PSPInit(void) { psp far *p = MK_FP(DOS_PSP, 0); /* Clear out new psp first */ fmemset(p, 0, sizeof(psp)); /* high half is used as environment */ /* initialize all entries and exits */ /* CP/M-like exit point */ p->ps_exit = 0x20cd; /* CP/M-like entry point - call far to special entry */ p->ps_farcall = 0x9a; p->ps_reentry = MK_FP(0, 0x30 * 4); /* unix style call - 0xcd 0x21 0xcb (int 21, retf) */ p->ps_unix[0] = 0xcd; p->ps_unix[1] = 0x21; p->ps_unix[2] = 0xcb; /* Now for parent-child relationships */ /* parent psp segment */ p->ps_parent = FP_SEG(p); /* previous psp pointer */ p->ps_prevpsp = MK_FP(0xffff,0xffff); /* Environment and memory useage parameters */ /* memory size in paragraphs */ /* p->ps_size = 0; clear from above */ /* environment paragraph */ p->ps_environ = DOS_PSP + 8; /* terminate address */ p->ps_isv22 = getvec(0x22); /* break address */ p->ps_isv23 = getvec(0x23); /* critical error address */ p->ps_isv24 = getvec(0x24); /* user stack pointer - int 21 */ /* p->ps_stack = NULL; clear from above */ /* File System parameters */ /* maximum open files */ p->ps_maxfiles = 20; fmemset(p->ps_files, 0xff, 20); /* open file table pointer */ p->ps_filetab = p->ps_files; /* default system version for int21/ah=30 */ p->ps_retdosver = (LoL->os_setver_minor << 8) + LoL->os_setver_major; /* first command line argument */ /* p->ps_fcb1.fcb_drive = 0; already set */ fmemset(p->ps_fcb1.fcb_fname, ' ', FNAME_SIZE + FEXT_SIZE); /* second command line argument */ /* p->ps_fcb2.fcb_drive = 0; already set */ fmemset(p->ps_fcb2.fcb_fname, ' ', FNAME_SIZE + FEXT_SIZE); /* do not modify command line tail, used as environment */ } #ifndef __WATCOMC__ /* for WATCOMC we can use the ones in task.c */ intvec getvec(unsigned char intno) { intvec iv; disable(); iv = *(intvec FAR *)MK_FP(0,4 * (intno)); enable(); return iv; } void setvec(unsigned char intno, intvec vector) { disable(); *(intvec FAR *)MK_FP(0,4 * intno) = vector; enable(); } #endif STATIC void setup_int_vectors(void) { static struct vec { unsigned char intno; size_t handleroff; } vectors[] = { /* all of these are in the DOS DS */ { 0x80 | 0x0, FP_OFF(int0_handler) }, /* zero divide */ { 0x80 | 0x1, FP_OFF(empty_handler) }, /* single step */ { 0x80 | 0x3, FP_OFF(empty_handler) }, /* debug breakpoint */ { 0x80 | 0x6, FP_OFF(int6_handler) }, /* invalid opcode */ { 0x19, FP_OFF(int19_handler) }, /* BIOS bootstrap loader, vdisk */ { 0x20, FP_OFF(int20_handler) }, { 0x21, FP_OFF(int21_handler) }, /* primary DOS API */ { 0x22, FP_OFF(int22_handler) }, { 0x24, FP_OFF(int24_handler) }, { 0x25, FP_OFF(low_int25_handler) }, /* DOS abs read/write calls */ { 0x26, FP_OFF(low_int26_handler) }, { 0x27, FP_OFF(int27_handler) }, { 0x28, FP_OFF(int28_handler) }, { 0x2a, FP_OFF(int2a_handler) }, { 0x2f, FP_OFF(int2f_handler) } /* multiplex int */ }; struct vec *pvec; struct lowvec FAR *plvec; int i; /* save current int vectors so can restore on reboot and call original directly */ for (plvec = intvec_table; plvec < intvec_table + 6; plvec++) plvec->isv = getvec(plvec->intno); /* install default handlers */ for (i = 0x23; i <= 0x3f; i++) setvec(i, empty_handler); /* note: int 31h segment should be DOS DS */ HaltCpuWhileIdle = 0; for (pvec = vectors; pvec < vectors + (sizeof vectors/sizeof *pvec); pvec++) if ((pvec->intno & 0x80) == 0 || debugger_present == 0) setvec(pvec->intno & 0x7F, (intvec)MK_FP(FP_SEG(empty_handler), pvec->handleroff)); pokeb(0, 0x30 * 4, 0xea); pokel(0, 0x30 * 4 + 1, (ULONG)cpm_entry); /* handlers for int 0x1b and 0x29 are in the device driver area LOWTEXT (0x70) */ setvec(0x1b, got_cbreak); setvec(0x29, int29_handler); /* required for printf! */ } STATIC void init_kernel(void) { COUNT i; LoL->os_setver_major = LoL->os_major = MAJOR_RELEASE; LoL->os_setver_minor = LoL->os_minor = MINOR_RELEASE; /* Init oem hook - returns memory size in KB */ ram_top = init_oem(); /* Note: HMA_TEXT and init code already moved higher in conventional memory by startup code, however, we still need to adjust any references to new location. So use current CS as that is where we were moved to and perform any fixups needed. Note this will also re-copy the HMA_TEXT segment, so be sure not to overwrite it prior to the MoveKernel() call. Kernel moved to around 8F??:0000 */ #ifdef __WATCOMC__ lpTop = MK_FP(_CS, 0); #else lpTop = MK_FP(_CS - (FP_OFF(_HMATextEnd) + 15) / 16, 0); #endif MoveKernel(FP_SEG(lpTop)); lpTop = MK_FP(FP_SEG(lpTop) - 0xfff, 0xfff0); /* Initialize IO subsystem */ InitIO(); InitPrinters(); InitSerialPorts(); init_PSPSet(DOS_PSP); set_DTA(MK_FP(DOS_PSP, 0x80)); PSPInit(); Init_clk_driver(); /* Do first initialization of system variable buffers so that */ /* we can read config.sys later. */ /* use largest possible value for the initial CDS */ LoL->lastdrive = 26; /* init_device((struct dhdr FAR *)&blk_dev, NULL, 0, &ram_top); */ blk_dev.dh_name[0] = dsk_init(); PreConfig(); /* Number of units */ if (blk_dev.dh_name[0] > 0) update_dcb(&blk_dev); /* Now config the temporary file system */ FsConfig(); /* Now process CONFIG.SYS */ DoConfig(0); DoConfig(1); /* initialize near data and MCBs */ PreConfig2(); /* and process CONFIG.SYS one last time for device drivers */ DoConfig(2); /* Close all (device) files */ for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) close(i); /* and do final buffer allocation. */ PostConfig(); /* Init the file system one more time */ FsConfig(); configDone(); InitializeAllBPBs(); } STATIC VOID FsConfig(VOID) { struct dpb FAR *dpb = LoL->DPBp; int i; /* Initialize the current directory structures */ for (i = 0; i < LoL->lastdrive; i++) { struct cds FAR *pcds_table = &LoL->CDSp[i]; fmemcpy(pcds_table->cdsCurrentPath, "A:\\\0", 4); pcds_table->cdsCurrentPath[0] += i; if (i < LoL->nblkdev && (ULONG) dpb != 0xffffffffl) { pcds_table->cdsDpb = dpb; pcds_table->cdsFlags = CDSPHYSDRV; dpb = dpb->dpb_next; } else { pcds_table->cdsFlags = 0; } pcds_table->cdsStrtClst = 0xffff; pcds_table->cdsParam = 0xffff; pcds_table->cdsStoreUData = 0xffff; pcds_table->cdsJoinOffset = 2; } /* Log-in the default drive. */ init_setdrive(LoL->BootDrive - 1); /* The system file tables need special handling and are "hand */ /* built. Included is the stdin, stdout, stdaux and stdprn. */ /* a little bit of shuffling is necessary for compatibility */ /* sft_idx=0 is /dev/aux */ open("AUX", O_RDWR); /* handle 1, sft_idx=1 is /dev/con (stdout) */ open("CON", O_RDWR); /* 3 is /dev/aux */ dup2(STDIN, STDAUX); /* 0 is /dev/con (stdin) */ dup2(STDOUT, STDIN); /* 2 is /dev/con (stdin) */ dup2(STDOUT, STDERR); /* 4 is /dev/prn */ open("PRN", O_WRONLY); /* Initialize the disk buffer management functions */ /* init_call_init_buffers(); done from CONFIG.C */ } STATIC VOID signon() { if (InitKernelConfig.Verbose < 0) { #ifdef CUSTOM_BRANDING printf("\n\r" CUSTOM_BRANDING "\n\n"); #else printf("\n\r%S\n\n", MK_FP(FP_SEG(LoL), FP_OFF(LoL->os_release))); #endif } else { #ifdef CUSTOM_BRANDING printf("\n\r" CUSTOM_BRANDING "\n\n%s", copyright); #else printf("\r%S" "Kernel compatibility %d.%d - " #if defined(__BORLANDC__) "BORLANDC" #elif defined(__TURBOC__) "TURBOC" #elif defined(_MSC_VER) "MSC" #elif defined(__WATCOMC__) "WATCOMC" #elif defined(__GNUC__) "GNUC" /* this is hypothetical only */ #else #error Unknown compiler generate some bullshit error here, as the compiler should be known #endif #if defined (I386) " - 80386 CPU required" #elif defined (I186) " - 80186 CPU required" #else " - 808x compatible" #endif #ifdef WITHFAT32 " - FAT32 support" #endif "\n\n%s", MK_FP(FP_SEG(LoL), FP_OFF(LoL->os_release)), MAJOR_RELEASE, MINOR_RELEASE, copyright); #endif } } STATIC void kernel() { CommandTail Cmd; if (master_env[0] == '\0') /* some shells panic on empty master env. */ fmemcpy(master_env, "PATH=.\0\0\0\0", sizeof("PATH=.\0\0\0\0")); /* process 0 */ /* Execute command.com from the drive we just booted from */ memset(Cmd.ctBuffer, 0, sizeof(Cmd.ctBuffer)); strcpy(Cmd.ctBuffer, Config.cfgInitTail); for (Cmd.ctCount = 0; Cmd.ctCount < sizeof(Cmd.ctBuffer); Cmd.ctCount++) if (Cmd.ctBuffer[Cmd.ctCount] == '\r') break; /* if stepping CONFIG.SYS (F5/F8), tell COMMAND.COM about it */ /* 3 for string + 2 for "\r\n" */ if (Cmd.ctCount < sizeof(Cmd.ctBuffer) - 5) { char *insertString = NULL; if (singleStep) insertString = " /Y"; /* single step AUTOEXEC */ if (SkipAllConfig) insertString = " /D"; /* disable AUTOEXEC */ if (insertString) { /* insert /D, /Y as first argument */ char *p, *q; for (p = Cmd.ctBuffer; p < &Cmd.ctBuffer[Cmd.ctCount]; p++) { if (*p == ' ' || *p == '\t' || *p == '\r') { for (q = &Cmd.ctBuffer[Cmd.ctCount + 1]; q >= p; q--) q[3] = q[0]; memcpy(p, insertString, 3); break; } } /* save buffer -- on the stack it's fine here */ Config.cfgInitTail = Cmd.ctBuffer; } } init_call_p_0(&Config); /* go execute process 0 (the shell) */ } /* check for a block device and update device control block */ STATIC VOID update_dcb(struct dhdr FAR * dhp) { REG COUNT Index; COUNT nunits = dhp->dh_name[0]; struct dpb FAR *dpb; /* printf("nblkdev = %i\n", LoL->nblkdev); */ /* if no units, nothing to do, ensure at least 1 unit for rest of logic */ if (nunits == 0) return; /* allocate memory for new device control blocks, insert into chain [at end], and update our pointer to new end */ dpb = (struct dpb FAR *)KernelAlloc(nunits * sizeof(struct dpb), 'E', Config.cfgDosDataUmb); /* find end of dpb chain or initialize root if needed */ if (LoL->nblkdev == 0) { /* update root pointer to new end (our just allocated block) */ LoL->DPBp = dpb; } else { struct dpb FAR *tmp_dpb; /* find current end of dpb chain by following next pointers to end */ for (tmp_dpb = LoL->DPBp; (ULONG) tmp_dpb->dpb_next != 0xffffffffl; tmp_dpb = dpb->dpb_next) ; /* insert into chain [at end] */ tmp_dpb->dpb_next = dpb; } /* dpb points to last block, one just allocated */ for (Index = 0; Index < nunits; Index++) { /* printf("processing unit %i of %i nunits\n", Index, nunits); */ dpb->dpb_next = dpb + 1; /* memory allocated as array, so next is just next element */ dpb->dpb_unit = LoL->nblkdev; dpb->dpb_subunit = Index; dpb->dpb_device = dhp; dpb->dpb_flags = M_CHANGED; if ((LoL->CDSp != 0) && (LoL->nblkdev < LoL->lastdrive)) { LoL->CDSp[LoL->nblkdev].cdsDpb = dpb; LoL->CDSp[LoL->nblkdev].cdsFlags = CDSPHYSDRV; } ++dpb; /* dbp = dbp->dpb_next; */ ++LoL->nblkdev; } /* note that always at least 1 valid dpb due to above early exit if nunits==0 */ (dpb - 1)->dpb_next = (void FAR *)0xFFFFFFFFl; /* printf("processed %i nunits\n", nunits); */ } /* If cmdLine is NULL, this is an internal driver */ BOOL init_device(struct dhdr FAR * dhp, char *cmdLine, COUNT mode, char FAR **r_top) { request rq; char name[8]; if (cmdLine) { char *p, *q, ch; int i; p = q = cmdLine; for (;;) { ch = *p; if (ch == '\0' || ch == ' ' || ch == '\t') break; p++; if (ch == '\\' || ch == '/' || ch == ':') q = p; /* remember position after path */ } for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) { ch = '\0'; if (p != q && *q != '.') ch = *q++; /* copy name, without extension */ name[i] = ch; } } rq.r_unit = 0; rq.r_status = 0; rq.r_command = C_INIT; rq.r_length = sizeof(request); rq.r_endaddr = *r_top; rq.r_bpbptr = (void FAR *)(cmdLine ? cmdLine : "\n"); rq.r_firstunit = LoL->nblkdev; execrh((request FAR *) & rq, dhp); /* * Added needed Error handle */ if ((rq.r_status & (S_ERROR | S_DONE)) == S_ERROR) return TRUE; if (cmdLine) { /* Don't link in device drivers which do not take up memory */ if (rq.r_endaddr == (BYTE FAR *) dhp) return TRUE; /* Don't link in block device drivers which indicate no units */ if (!(dhp->dh_attr & ATTR_CHAR) && !rq.r_nunits) { rq.r_endaddr = (BYTE FAR *) dhp; return TRUE; } /* Fix for multisegmented device drivers: */ /* If there are multiple device drivers in a single driver file, */ /* only the END ADDRESS returned by the last INIT call should be */ /* the used. It is recommended that all the device drivers in */ /* the file return the same address */ if (FP_OFF(dhp->dh_next) == 0xffff) { KernelAllocPara(FP_SEG(rq.r_endaddr) + (FP_OFF(rq.r_endaddr) + 15)/16 - FP_SEG(dhp), 'D', name, mode); } /* Another fix for multisegmented device drivers: */ /* To help emulate the functionallity experienced with other DOS */ /* operating systems when calling multiple device drivers in a */ /* single driver file, save the end address returned from the */ /* last INIT call which will then be passed as the end address */ /* for the next INIT call. */ *r_top = (char FAR *)rq.r_endaddr; } if (!(dhp->dh_attr & ATTR_CHAR) && (rq.r_nunits != 0)) { dhp->dh_name[0] = rq.r_nunits; update_dcb(dhp); } if (dhp->dh_attr & ATTR_CONIN) LoL->syscon = dhp; else if (dhp->dh_attr & ATTR_CLOCK) LoL->clock = dhp; return FALSE; } STATIC void InitIO(void) { struct dhdr far *device = &LoL->nul_dev; /* Initialize driver chain */ do { init_device(device, NULL, 0, &lpTop); device = device->dh_next; } while (FP_OFF(device) != 0xffff); } /* issue an internal error message */ VOID init_fatal(BYTE * err_msg) { printf("\nInternal kernel error - %s\nSystem halted\n", err_msg); for (;;) ; } /* Initialize all printers this should work. IMHO, this might also be done on first use of printer, as I never liked the noise by a resetting printer, and I usually much more often reset my system, then I print :-) */ STATIC VOID InitPrinters(VOID) { iregs r; int num_printers, i; init_call_intr(0x11, &r); /* get equipment list */ num_printers = (r.a.x >> 14) & 3; /* bits 15-14 */ for (i = 0; i < num_printers; i++) { r.a.x = 0x0100; /* initialize printer */ r.d.x = i; init_call_intr(0x17, &r); } } STATIC VOID InitSerialPorts(VOID) { iregs r; int serial_ports, i; init_call_intr(0x11, &r); /* get equipment list */ serial_ports = (r.a.x >> 9) & 7; /* bits 11-9 */ for (i = 0; i < serial_ports; i++) { r.a.x = 0xA3; /* initialize serial port to 2400,n,8,1 */ r.d.x = i; init_call_intr(0x14, &r); } } /***************************************************************** if kernel.config.BootHarddiskSeconds is set, the default is to boot from harddisk, because the user is assumed to just have forgotten to remove the floppy/bootable CD from the drive. user has some seconds to hit ANY key to continue to boot from floppy/cd, else the system is booted from HD */ STATIC int EmulatedDriveStatus(int drive,char statusOnly) { iregs r; char buffer[0x13]; buffer[0] = 0x13; r.a.b.h = 0x4b; /* bootable CDROM - get status */ r.a.b.l = statusOnly; r.d.b.l = (char)drive; r.si = (int)buffer; init_call_intr(0x13, &r); if (r.flags & 1) return FALSE; return TRUE; } STATIC void CheckContinueBootFromHarddisk(void) { char *bootedFrom = "Floppy/CD"; iregs r; int key; if (InitKernelConfig.BootHarddiskSeconds == 0) return; if (LoL->BootDrive >= 3) { #if 0 if (!EmulatedDriveStatus(0x80,1)) #endif { /* already booted from HD */ return; } } else { #if 0 if (!EmulatedDriveStatus(0x00,1)) #endif bootedFrom = "Floppy"; } printf("\n" "\n" "\n" " Hit any key within %d seconds to continue boot from %s\n" " Hit 'H' or wait %d seconds to boot from Harddisk\n", InitKernelConfig.BootHarddiskSeconds, bootedFrom, InitKernelConfig.BootHarddiskSeconds ); key = GetBiosKey(InitKernelConfig.BootHarddiskSeconds); if (key != -1 && (key & 0xff) != 'h' && (key & 0xff) != 'H') { /* user has hit a key, continue to boot from floppy/CD */ printf("\n"); return; } /* reboot from harddisk */ EmulatedDriveStatus(0x00,0); EmulatedDriveStatus(0x80,0); /* now jump and run */ r.a.x = 0x0201; r.c.x = 0x0001; r.d.x = 0x0080; r.b.x = 0x7c00; r.es = 0; init_call_intr(0x13, &r); { #if __GNUC__ asm volatile("jmp $0,$0x7c00"); #else void (far *reboot)(void) = (void (far*)(void)) MK_FP(0x0,0x7c00); (*reboot)(); #endif } }